Only a broad outline I could grasp and that I am sharing with you.
The guest who presented the lecture was Nellai S. Muthu, Scientist, Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Shriharikota. He has authored 90 books on Science and Technology, 4 of which got Tamilnadu State award. He has also translated the book 'India 2020' written by Dr. Abdul Kalam into Tamil at the later's request during his tenure as President of India
Sri Nellai S.Muthu, being so versatile, both in technical knowledge and in the language Tamil, the presentation was effortless with amazing usage of Tamil equivalent for scientific nomenclature.
Now I reproduce a glimpse of the subject topic.
Earth’s atmosphere has got different layers.
Up to 16km - Troposphere, where there is oxygen, nitrogen, water vapour etc. and the world’s weather takes place.
16 – 50 km – Stratosphere. This is an ozone layer.
50 – 80 km – Mesosphere, in between layer which is cold.
80km above Thermosphere which is hot
But at 100 km and above there is ionosphere where electrons get separated from atom and these free Electrons allow propagation of electromagnetic waves and radio communication over a long distance.
Our INSAT 2C (Indian National Satellite System) is far above this 100 km layer and its mission is mainly communication.
The applications and usage in communication
Telephone, cell phone, Television, Radio.
MCF – Master control facility.
Tele Medicine Concept.
Video Conferencing
On-line Teaching
Space net configuration
The other usages are:
Satellite aided rescue system
Forest Mapping
Remote sensing
Mapping for Defense and National Security
Historical research
Groundwater prospects
Encroachment spread resoursestat
Now to other relevant and interesting information given by Sri.S.Muthu.
1. The origin of rocket: It is heartening to know that Tippu’s sword was the origin of rocket. The Britishers thought, why not they send a missile through a weapon like Tippu’s sword to attack French army. Then the concept was adopted by French and Germans. When Germany was defeated, Americans abducted all the German scientists to America. Thus the first rocket was designed by a German scientist taken to America.
2. The Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS) is located on the geomagnetic equator and hence strategically poised for scientists to conduct atmospheric research. Russia do not have this facility, hence they conduct their research in other countries.3. India stands seventh in satellite launching, the other six being, Russia, America, France, Japan, Germany and China.
4. The satellite can take a picture from Kanyakumari to Kashmir in 20 minutes.
5. The Moon as a planet receives the rays of Sun like earth. The temperature beneath the surface of moon is cold, around -200 degrees. Hence the solar energy can be preserved as electrical energy at that temperature. A grid around can be formed and energy saved.
He further said, due to global warming of earth, a day may come when people of earth may migrate to other planets. He informed that his book “Bhoomi Thottil” deals with this subject. In his other book “Winnveli 2057”, he said, he has given that children of 2057 will go to moon for their vacation holidays, like today they visit foreign countries.
He also gave a brief note about Chandrayaan -1, how it will take, first elliptical path, leave earth, take again elliptical path around Moon and finally reach after 5 ½ days.
I have left out too technical terms like geo synchronize velocity, sounding rocket, synthetic aperture radar, etc and the chronological statistics about satellite launching in general.
I came to know from News papers/Web sites that Chandrayaan is a Sanskrit word and it means ‘Moon Craft’. Its main mission is high resolution mineralogical and chemical imaging. It will have 11 Payloads (Instruments for experiments), 5 of which designed indigenously.
At this juncture I would like to add that that our Indian ancestors were very much aware of the entire universe and they have accurately studied and recorded the properties of each planet.
Any comment, correction, further information is most welcome.
I am very happy to hear in the morning TV news that Chandrayaan -1 has been launched successfully from Shriharikota despite inclement weather.
Photo 1. Sri. Nellai S.Muthu, courtesy hinduimages web site.
Photo 2. Early days at the Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station. Readying equipment to be carried by a sounding rocket into the atmosphere are Kalam and R. Aravamudan - courtesy hinduonnet web site
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